Windshield wiper motor wiring diagram is a crucial element of a vehicle’s electrical system. It is responsible for controlling the windshield wiper blades’ movement, ensuring clear visibility during inclement weather conditions. This article discusses the basics of the windshield wiper motor wiring diagram, its components, and how to troubleshoot common issues.
Components of Windshield Wiper Motor
Before discussing the wiring diagram, it is essential to learn about the components of the windshield wiper motor. The motor consists of the following parts:
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Armature | A rotating component that produces a magnetic field |
| Brushes | Components that transfer electricity to the armature |
| Field Coils | A coil of wire that produces a magnetic field to move the armature |
| Communtator | A segmented metal ring that provides electrical connections to the armature |
| Gear Train | A system of gears that amplifies the armature’s movement |
| Parking Switch | Switch that disconnects the motor from the wiper transmission to park |
Wiring Diagram
The wiring diagram of the windshield wiper motor contains various elements that work together to control the wiper blade’s movement. The following is a basic wiring diagram:
As shown in the diagram, the windshield wiper motor consists of the following electrical components:
- Battery
- Ignition Switch
- Wiper Switch
- Wiper Motor
- Ground Connection
The battery provides electrical power to the system. The ignition switch enables the electrical circuit when the key is in the ‘on’ position. The wiper switch controls the wiper blades’ movement, while the wiper motor operates the blades. The ground connection provides a return path for the electrical current.
When the wiper switch is turned on, it sends an electrical signal to the windshield wiper motor, which activates the motor’s armature. The activated armature produces a magnetic field that interacts with the field coils, creating rotational movement. This rotational movement is amplified through the gear train and transferred to the wiper transmission, causing the wiper blades to move back and forth across the windshield.
Common Issues and Troubleshooting
Like any electrical system, the windshield wiper motor can malfunction. The following are some common issues with the windshield wiper motor and how to troubleshoot them:
Wiper Blades Not Moving
If the wiper blades do not move when the switch is turned on, there could be a faulty motor or a loose connection. Check the motor’s wiring connections for any loose or corroded wires. If the connections are okay, use a multimeter to check the motor’s voltage. If there is no voltage, the problem is likely with the switch or the wiring.
Wiper Blades Moving Slowly
If the wiper blades move slowly, the motor might not be receiving enough voltage. Check the battery’s voltage and the wiring connections. If the battery’s voltage is low, recharge or replace it. If the wiring connections are loose or corroded, clean or replace them.
Wiper Blades Moving Erratically
If the wiper blades move erratically or stop mid-way, there could be a loose or damaged gear in the gear train. Inspect gear train for any damaged or missing gears. If the gear train is okay, the problem might be with the motor’s brushes or armature. Check the brushes for any wear or damage, and the armature for any broken or burnt windings.
Wiper Blades Not Parking
If the wiper blades do not park when the switch is turned off, check the parking switch’s wiring connections. If the connections are okay, check the switch’s continuity using a multimeter. If the switch is faulty, replace it.
Wiper Blades Overlapping
If the wiper blades overlap, there could be a problem with the wiper transmission or linkage. Check the linkage for any damage or wear. If the linkage is okay, adjust the wiper arm position.
Conclusion
The windshield wiper motor wiring diagram is an essential component of a vehicle’s electrical system. The diagram enables a mechanic or vehicle owner to diagnose and fix any electrical issues with the motor. Understanding the basics of the motor’s components, wiring diagram, and troubleshooting common problems can help ensure clear visibility during inclement weather conditions and safe driving.
