Electric water pumps are becoming more popular in modern cars due to their efficiency and compact size. However, installing or replacing an electric water pump can be daunting, especially for those who are not familiar with the wiring system. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive guide on electric water pump wiring diagrams to help you install it properly.
What is an Electric Water Pump?
An electric water pump is a small electric motor that circulates coolant through the engine of a car. This coolant helps regulate the engine’s temperature, preventing it from overheating. The electric water pump takes the place of the traditional mechanical water pump, which is driven by a fan belt connected to the engine’s crankshaft.
Unlike mechanical water pumps, electric water pumps do not require a fan belt or pulley. This makes them more efficient and less prone to failure. Additionally, an electric water pump can circulate coolant even if the engine is not running, which is beneficial for high-performance vehicles or cars with large engines.
Electric Water Pump Wiring Diagram
The wiring diagram for an electric water pump is relatively simple. It consists of three main components: the pump itself, a relay, and a switch. The pump and relay are usually mounted close to the engine, while the switch can be mounted anywhere within reach of the driver.
The pump is powered by a dedicated wire that connects directly to the battery. The relay is used to control the flow of electricity to the pump. The switch is used to turn the pump on and off, allowing the driver to control when the pump is running.
Below is a diagram showing the basic wiring system for an electric water pump:
| Component | Wire Color |
|---|---|
| Pump | Red |
| Relay (30) | Red |
| Relay (85) | Black |
| Relay (86) | Yellow |
| Relay (87) | White |
| Switch | Green |
FAQs
1. What size wire should I use for the pump?
The wire size will depend on the amperage of your pump. Most electric water pumps draw between 5 and 10 amps. As a general rule, you should use at least 14-gauge wire for a 5-amp pump and 12-gauge wire for a 10-amp pump.
2. Can I use a toggle switch instead of a momentary switch?
Yes, you can use a toggle switch instead of a momentary switch. However, a momentary switch is recommended because it is less likely to be left on accidentally, which can drain the battery.
3. Why does my electric water pump keep turning on and off?
If your electric water pump keeps turning on and off, it could be a sign of a faulty relay or switch. Check the wiring diagram to ensure that everything is connected properly. It could also be a sign of an overheating engine or a low coolant level.
4. How do I test my electric water pump?
You can test your electric water pump by running a wire from the battery’s positive terminal to the pump’s positive wire. If the pump does not start, it could be a sign of a faulty pump or wiring. If the pump runs but does not circulate coolant, it could be a sign of a clogged hose or blockage in the cooling system.
5. How long does an electric water pump last?
An electric water pump can last for many years if it is installed and maintained properly. However, like any mechanical or electrical component, it can fail due to wear and tear or other issues. It is important to monitor your engine’s temperature and coolant level regularly to ensure that your electric water pump is functioning correctly.
Installing an electric water pump can be a great way to improve the efficiency and performance of your car’s cooling system. By following the wiring diagram and guidelines outlined in this article, you should be able to install or replace an electric water pump with confidence. Remember to always exercise caution when working with electrical components and consult a professional if you are unsure about any aspect of the installation process.
