The 5R110 transmission is a heavy-duty automatic transmission found in Ford Super Duty trucks starting in 2003. It is designed to handle high torque and has proven to be a reliable component of these trucks. However, like any other system, the electrical components of the 5R110 can malfunction and cause issues with the transmission’s operation.
In this article, we will discuss the 5R110 wiring diagram, its components, and how it operates. We will also provide a troubleshooting guide to help diagnose and fix any issues with the transmission’s electrical system.
The Components of the 5R110 Wiring Diagram
The 5R110 transmission electrical system consists of various components, including:
- Transmission Control Module (TCM)
- Shift Solenoids
- Pressure Control Solenoid (PCS)
- Throttle Position Sensor (TPS)
- Output Shaft Speed Sensor (OSS)
- Input Shaft Speed Sensor (ISS)
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Range Sensor
Transmission Control Module (TCM)
The TCM is the brain of the 5R110 transmission. It receives input signals from various sensors and uses that information to control shift points, apply pressure to clutch packs, and other functions. The TCM is located under the driver’s side dash and communicates with the vehicle’s computer through a data link connector (DLC).
Shift Solenoids
The shift solenoids are responsible for actuating the shift valves in the valve body, controlling which gears the transmission shifts into. The 5R110 has five shift solenoids, labeled SSA, SSB, SSC, SSD, and SSE. Each solenoid is controlled by the TCM and receives power and ground from the main transmission wiring harness.
Pressure Control Solenoid (PCS)
The pressure control solenoid regulates line pressure in the transmission. It is located in the valve body and is controlled by the TCM. The PCS receives power and ground from the main transmission wiring harness.
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS)
The TPS is located on the vehicle’s throttle body and communicates the position of the throttle to the TCM. The TCM uses this information to adjust shift points, line pressure, and torque converter lock-up. The TPS receives power and ground from the main engine wiring harness.
Output Shaft Speed Sensor (OSS)
The OSS is located on the tailshaft of the transmission and communicates the output shaft speed to the TCM. The TCM uses this information to calculate shift points and other functions. The OSS receives power and ground from the main transmission wiring harness.
Input Shaft Speed Sensor (ISS)
The ISS is located on the input shaft of the transmission and communicates the input shaft speed to the TCM. The TCM uses this information to calculate shift points and other functions. The ISS receives power and ground from the main transmission wiring harness.
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
The VSS is located on the vehicle’s rear differential and communicates the vehicle’s speed to the TCM. The TCM uses this information to adjust shift points and torque converter lock-up. The VSS receives power and ground from the main engine wiring harness.
Range Sensor
The range sensor is located on the side of the transmission and communicates the position of the gear selector to the TCM. The TCM uses this information to adjust shift points and other functions. The range sensor receives power and ground from the main transmission wiring harness.
How the 5R110 Wiring Diagram Operates
When the vehicle is started, the TCM performs a self-test, checking for error codes and the functionality of its various components. If no issues are found, the TCM will enter normal operation mode.
The TCM receives input signals from the various sensors and uses that information to control the operation of the transmission. For example, if the TPS indicates the vehicle is under heavy acceleration, the TCM will delay shifts to higher gears until the throttle is released. The TCM also controls the pressure control solenoid to adjust line pressure for better shifting performance.
If an issue is detected with a component or sensor, the TCM will set a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) and may enter limp mode. Limp mode is a reduced power mode that is designed to allow the vehicle to be driven to a repair facility. In limp mode, the vehicle may only operate in certain gears, and the TCM will limit engine speed and torque converter lock-up.
Troubleshooting the 5R110 Wiring Diagram
If the 5R110 transmission is experiencing issues, it may be related to the electrical system. Here are some common issues and how to diagnose them:
Code P0715: Input Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction
If this code is present, it indicates a problem with the ISS circuit. Check the wiring and connectors for damage or corrosion. Check the voltage between the ISS harness connector and ground using a multimeter. If there is no voltage, the wiring or the ISS may be faulty.
Code P0717: Input Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Low Input
This code indicates a low voltage condition in the ISS circuit. Check the wiring and connectors for damage or corrosion. Check the voltage between the ISS harness connector and ground using a multimeter. If the voltage is below specifications, the wiring or the ISS may be faulty.
Code P0720: Output Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction
If this code is present, it indicates a problem with the OSS circuit. Check the wiring and connectors for damage or corrosion. Check the voltage between the OSS harness connector and ground using a multimeter. If there is no voltage, the wiring or the OSS may be faulty.
Code P0735: Gear 5 Incorrect Ratio
If this code is present, it indicates an issue with the shift solenoids, valve body, or other mechanical components. However, it could also be related to an electrical issue. Check the wiring and connectors for damage or corrosion. Check the resistance of the shift solenoids using a multimeter. If the resistance is out of specification, the solenoid may be faulty.
Code P1744: Torque Converter Clutch System Performance
This code indicates a problem with the torque converter clutch system. Check the wiring and connectors for damage or corrosion. Check the resistance of the pressure control solenoid using a multimeter. If the resistance is out of specification, the solenoid may be faulty.
Conclusion
The 5R110 wiring diagram is a complex system that controls the operation of the transmission. Understanding its components and how it operates can help diagnose and fix issues with the transmission’s electrical system. Using the troubleshooting guide provided, you can isolate and repair problems related to the 5R110’s electrical system.
FAQ
| Question | Answer |
| What is the TCM? | The TCM is the transmission control module. It controls the operation of the transmission. |
| What is limp mode? | Limp mode is a reduced power mode that allows the vehicle to be driven to a repair facility. |
| What is a diagnostic trouble code (DTC)? | A DTC is a code generated by the TCM indicating a problem with a component or system. |
