Relays are switches that connect or disconnect electrical circuits. A 5 pin relay is commonly used in automotive applications to control a cooling fan. In this article, we will provide a step-by-step guide on how to wire a 5 pin relay for a cooling fan.
What is a 5 Pin Relay?
A 5 pin relay is a type of electromechanical switch that operates by an electrical current. It has five pins, which include two for the coil and three for the contacts. The coil pins are used to control the switch, while the contact pins are used to connect or disconnect electrical circuits.
There are different types of 5 pin relays, including normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) relays. The NO relay is open when the coil is not energized, while the NC relay is closed when the coil is not energized.
Why do You Need a 5 Pin Relay for a Fan?
A cooling fan is an essential component in a car’s engine cooling system. It helps to regulate the temperature of the engine by drawing air through the radiator. However, the fan can consume a lot of power and put a strain on the vehicle’s electrical system.
Using a 5 pin relay for a fan can help to reduce the load on the electrical system. The relay acts as an intermediary between the fan and the electrical system, thus reducing the amount of power needed to operate the fan.
What You Will Need
Before you begin wiring a 5 pin relay for a fan, you will need the following:
- A 5 pin relay
- A cooling fan
- A power source (battery)
- A switch (optional)
- A fuse holder and fuse
- Wire
- Wire connectors
- Tools (wire stripper, crimping tool, pliers)
Step-by-Step Guide to Wiring a 5 Pin Relay for a Fan
Step 1: Mount the Relay
The first step is to mount the 5 pin relay in a location that is easily accessible. You can mount it on the firewall or any other location that is convenient. Make sure to use screws or bolts that are appropriate for the mounting location.
Step 2: Connect the Power Source
The next step is to connect the power source, which is typically the battery. You will need to connect one end of the wire to the positive terminal of the battery and the other end to pin 30 of the relay. Make sure to use a fuse holder and fuse to protect the circuit against overloading.
Step 3: Connect the Switch (Optional)
If you want to control the fan manually, you can connect a switch to the relay. You will need to connect one end of the wire to pin 86 of the relay and the other end to the switch. Then, connect another wire from the switch to ground (negative terminal of the battery).
Step 4: Connect the Fan
The next step is to connect the cooling fan to the 5 pin relay. You will need to connect one end of the wire to pin 87 of the relay and the other end to the positive terminal of the fan. Then, connect another wire from the negative terminal of the fan to ground.
Step 5: Connect the Coil
The final step is to connect the coil pins, which are pins 85 and 86. You will need to connect one end of the wire to pin 85 and the other end to ground. Then, connect another wire from pin 86 to the switch (optional) or to a signal source, such as the temperature sensor or the ECU.
FAQ
What is the Function of a Relay?
A relay is used to control an electrical circuit by an electrical signal. It acts as a switch that can connect or disconnect the circuit, depending on the input signal. Relays are used in various applications, including automotive, industrial, and home appliances.
What is the Difference Between a NO and NC Relay?
A NO relay is normally open when the coil is not energized, while an NC relay is normally closed when the coil is not energized. When the coil is energized, the NO relay closes the contacts, while the NC relay opens the contacts. The choice between NO and NC relays depends on the application requirements.
What is the Purpose of a Fuse in the Circuit?
A fuse is used to protect the circuit against overloading and short-circuiting. It acts as a safety device that breaks the circuit when the current exceeds the rated value. The fuse holder and fuse should be appropriately sized for the circuit to ensure proper protection.
Can a 5 Pin Relay be Used for Other Applications?
Yes, a 5 pin relay can be used for various applications, depending on the requirement. It can be used to control lights, horns, wipers, and other electrical components. The wiring diagram and pin configuration may differ depending on the application.
Conclusion
Wiring a 5 pin relay for a fan is a simple process that can help to reduce the load on the vehicle’s electrical system. By following the step-by-step guide and using the appropriate tools and materials, you can easily wire a 5 pin relay for a cooling fan. Remember to use a fuse holder and fuse to protect the circuit and to mount the relay in a easily accessible location.
