A breakaway switch is an essential component of any trailer’s braking system. It is designed to automatically activate the trailer’s brakes in the event of an accidental separation from the towing vehicle. This device is required by law in most jurisdictions and can save lives by preventing runaway trailers.
This article will focus on the 3-wire breakaway switch and its wiring diagram. We will discuss how to properly install the switch and connect it to your trailer’s braking system. We will also provide answers to frequently asked questions about breakaway switches and their operation.
What is a 3-Wire Breakaway Switch?
A 3-wire breakaway switch is a type of breakaway switch that uses three wires to control the trailer’s brakes. It is often used in conjunction with a surge brake system, which activates the trailer’s brakes when the towing vehicle slows down or comes to a stop.
The 3 wires used in this type of switch are typically color-coded as follows:
| Wire Color | Function |
|---|---|
| Black | Power Input |
| Blue | Brake Output |
| White | Ground |
How to Wire a 3-Wire Breakaway Switch
Wiring a 3-wire breakaway switch is a straightforward process that can be completed in just a few steps. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Mount the Breakaway Switch
The first step is to mount the breakaway switch on the trailer frame, near the hitch. Make sure that the switch is easily accessible and clearly visible. Use screws or bolts to secure the switch in place.
Step 2: Connect the Black Wire
The black wire is the power input for the breakaway switch. Connect this wire to the positive (+) terminal of the trailer battery. You may need to use a fuse or circuit breaker to protect the wiring and prevent overloading.
Step 3: Connect the Blue Wire
The blue wire is the brake output for the breakaway switch. Connect this wire to the trailer’s electric brake system. This may be a separate controller or a brake control module that is integrated with the surge brake system.
Step 4: Connect the White Wire
The white wire is the ground for the breakaway switch. Connect this wire to a suitable grounding point on the trailer frame. This should be a clean, bare metal surface that is free from paint, rust, or corrosion.
Step 5: Test the Breakaway Switch
Once the wiring is complete, test the breakaway switch to make sure it is working properly. Pull the pin out of the switch to activate the brakes and check that they engage fully. Then, replace the pin and make sure that the brakes release when the pin is in place.
FAQ
Q: When should I use a breakaway switch?
A: A breakaway switch should be used whenever you are towing a trailer that has electric or surge brakes. It is a safety requirement in most jurisdictions and can save lives in the event of an accidental separation.
Q: Can I install a breakaway switch myself?
A: Yes, you can install a breakaway switch yourself if you have basic electrical skills and tools. However, if you are not comfortable with wiring or have any doubts about the process, it is best to have a professional install the switch for you.
Q: How often should I test my breakaway switch?
A: You should test your breakaway switch at least once a year, or whenever you perform routine maintenance on your trailer. Make sure that the switch is functioning correctly and that the brakes engage fully when the pin is removed.
Q: Can I use a 3-wire breakaway switch with a hydraulic braking system?
A: No, a 3-wire breakaway switch is designed to work with electric or surge brakes only. If you have a hydraulic braking system, you will need to use a different type of breakaway switch that is compatible with your system.
Q: What are the consequences of not having a breakaway switch?
A: If you do not have a breakaway switch, your trailer will continue to roll or slide away from the towing vehicle in the event of an accidental separation. This can cause serious accidents and injuries, and may also result in damage to your trailer and towing vehicle.
By following the steps outlined in this article, you can ensure that your 3-wire breakaway switch is installed correctly and functioning properly. Remember to test your switch regularly and have it replaced if it shows any signs of wear or damage. By doing so, you can help prevent accidents and protect yourself and others on the road.
